MultiSet
Why have a multiset? A multiset is a collection that supports order-independent equality, like Set, but may have duplicate elements. A multiset is also sometimes called a bag.
In JavaTools a multiset can simply be created with JMultiSet[]. It then has to be filled with elements afterwards.
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However, it's also possible to create a new multiset and supply initial values during creation:
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JMultiSetSize[] returns the number of elements in the multiset, and JMultiSetIsEmpty[] shows if the multiset is empty:
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A new element is added to the multiset with JMultiSetAdd[]:
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The whole list of elements in the multiset can be shown with JSetToArray[]:
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The type of elements that can be put in a multiset can be anything: Integer, Real, String, or even List:
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Note that with a multiset it IS possible to add an element that is already in the multiset. That is the crucial difference between a set and a multiset: There can be no duplicates in the set!
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JMultiSetAdd[] also can be used to add a specified number of occurrences of an element to the multiset It retunrs the count of the element BEFORE the operation, possibly 0:
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With MultiSetAddAll[] we can add a whole list of elements to the multiset element-wise:
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JMultiSetCount[] returns the number of occurences of that element in the multiset ("multiplicity").
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JMultiSetElementSet[] returns the set of DISTINCT elements in the multiset (unlike JMultiSetToArray[], which returns all elements of the multiset):
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With JSetRemove[]we can remove an element that is in the multiset:
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With JSetRemove[]we can also remove a (sub)set of elements that occur in the multiset a specified number of times. JMultiSetRemove[] returns the number of occurrences BEFORE removal (which could possibly be zero).
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With JMultiSetContains[] we can see if the multiset contains a particular element:
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Note that JMultiSetAddAll[]adds all elements in the list to the multiset individually, whereas JSetAdd[] adds all elements in the list to the multiset as one list element:
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JMultiSetSetCount[]lets you set the count (number of occurrences for a given element in the multiset. JMultiSetSetCount[]will add or remove as many elements as is necessary to attain the desired count. It returns the count of the element before the operation:
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JMultiSetClear[] completely clears the entire multiset, returning an empty multiset and resetting its size to 0.
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